the collapse of commuism

well communism collapse cause the russians and european where tired of having the same things and working super hard to end up having the same things or same pay, so they wanted what we had what americans had they wanted captialism so it took them three years to turn russia into a capticalism country.

Mikhail Gorbachev

Mikhail Gorbachev was the president of Russia. He was so far the youngest president who was at age 54. Mikhail decided that since Russia was a totalitarian state, and nothing was getting done, he thought that he should open up Russia more so that free fresh new ideas will come and make Russia more economic and new with social reforms. This was called the "Glasnost". This was to promote Openness in Russia.

In 1985, Gorbachev decided to make something new called "Peristrokia". This was to make economic reforms. Local managers gained full rights to their farms and property and people were allowed to own privately owned small businesses. So that way this could help with creating jobs.

Also it helped take down the Berlin wall and end communnism.

When Mikhail sergeyevich Gorbachev came to power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union CPSU on 11 March 1985 drastic reforms were demanded if the faltering USSR was to remain a superpower still able to compete with its arch-rival, the United States. Enmeshed in Afghanistan, threatened by the New Cold War, with Ronald Regan in the White House, the economy was in free fall and living standards were plummeting.

African Indepence

World War II, the European countries were ready to transfer government to the Africans but they didn't know how, the Africans wanted to be elected not nominated and represtatives. The Africans wanted "freedom now." The leader of the nonviolent protests was Kwame Nkrumah, he was a teacher and he spent serval years studing in the U.S. In the 1940's he worked on liberating the Gold Coast from the British, Kwame Nkrumah made boycotts and organized strikes. but he was imprisoned by the British often, but his efforts were a success. In 1957 the Gold Coast recived it's independence and was renamed Ghana. Nkrumah became the first prime minister and later president for life of Ghana. I am not a whore. British settlers took over farmland of the northern highlands of Kenya, they resisted independence of Kenya, they were forced to accept black self government. One strong leader of Kenyan nationalist was Jomo Kenyatta, he was a "Kikuyu" educated in London. He was imprisoned by the British also but then in 1963 Kenya won it's independence, a negative part of this was the more then 10,000 black Kenyans were killed and 100 Kenyans were killed. Kenyatta became president of Kenya, he worked hard to unite the different ethincs and languages in the country. Kenyatta died in 1978. In 1955 Africa was mainly colonies there were 5 independent countries, by 1975 Most of Africa was full of independent countries, except 3.

Nelson Mandela and Apartheid

Apartheid-a rigid policy of segregation of the nonwhite population.

Nelson Mandela- born july 18 1918 president of south africa from 1994-1999 the first South African president to be elected in a fully democratic election. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist, and the leader of , the armed wing of the (ANC). The south african courts convicted him on charges of as well as other crimes committed while he led the movement against apartheid. In accordance with his conviction's sentence, Mandela served 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Following his release from prison on 11 February 1990, Mandela supported reconciliation and negotiation, and helped lead the transition towards multi-racial democracy in South Africa.

The Right Stuff

First russia built the first rocket ship spaceship, so america started to built one, then they sended the first monkey in space. so russia sended the first human in space so america wanted to do better so we sended the moon. we won the spacerace but the russia had the lead cause they did everything first. i remeber the scenes when they were buliding the spaceships and they kept expolding and the part when they were testing the guys to be rocketmen they needed to be the smartest most fitest most logical and some other stuff to be asotranaut its was pretty cool. i actually liked this movie alot

NATO

NATO, america creatured so communism wouldnt be world wide. Communism started in russia in 1917. but america tried to stop the eastern countrys from becoming communism, cause there plan was to make the whole world communism but america didnt like that idea so they went to war with country european eastern countrys.

night and fog

Night and Fog was a very powerful document. its most of taken alot of guts to go back and see it all over again in those camps. well night and fog was made 10 years after the camps and the war was over by a french man, the words the narrator said were very powerful and showing all the camps and the enterance sigh all of it and showing us before and after scence when i saw this movie it made me wonder what all those people went thought for 6 years, and actually i kind of noticed that some of the scences from night and fog were on schindlers list, like that train scence and the enterance sign and the bathroom scence with the dead bodies one. like im saying this movie is powerful and some scences are graffic.